Europe is philosophical concept. It is open to different thoughts, which contribute to its development. It arose as a result of Christianization of peoples and French support for Christian universalism. Charlemagne proved that European nations and the unity of Europe are closely connected. This assumption dominated in subsequent French concepts in the Middle Ages. The philosophical ideas of the Enlightenment create a cultural community of elites and the sense of European unity within res republica litteraria. The crisis of European consciousness in the 19th century and the first half of the 20th century led to growing tension and conflicts between countries. After the II World War Robert Schuman and Jean Monnet, a liberal open to the Christian thought, put forward a conception of the economic integration of Europe. The European Coal and Steel Community comes to files, based on the word of the Gospel, the tradition of German Christian federalism, French personalism, and Italian social Catholicism. In the second half of the 20th century a separate integration thought also appears : Charles de Gaulle’s Europe patries. The end of the 20th century brought also the Maastricht Treaty, which was created on the initiative of, among others, France, and which opened a new chapter in the history of European integration